Gas burner having partitioned outlet ports



July 21, 1953 A. H. BRoDBEcK GAS BURNER HAVING PARTITIONED OUTLET PORTSFiled oct. 1, 1948 plete Vcombustion results.

Patented July 21, v1953 GAS BURNER HAVING PARTITIONED v OUTLET PORTS l vlmer H. Brodbeck, St. Louis, `Mo., assignor to Magic ChefJnc., acorporation of New Jersey Application October 1, 1948, Serial No. 52,1775 claims. (o1. 15s-116) l l r This invention relatesv to' a gas burner.embodyingimprovements and novel features of construction whereby thefollowing purposes and advantages aswell as others, which will beunderstood by those skilled in the art, are attained.-

First, the burning of a large amount of fuel with complete combustionina circular burner of'small diameter.

Secondly, a burner port arrangement and construction in which the flameWill carry around the burner from one port or group of ports to theother when Vthe'burner is'ignited at a single point, 1

Thirdlya burner port arrangement and construction which will accomplishthe immediately Ypreceding purpose and in which flashback'of the flamelwill not occur when a fast-burning gas is being burned. r f

Fourthly,the attainment of an excellent heat distribution from theyperipheral ports Aof the burner Whenusedin conjunctionwith centralports. y

Advantages and benefits not specifically enumerated above are obtainedas Awill be clear from thel followingdescription and obvious to thoseskilled in the art. 1

The production of a gas burner which will accomplish the listed purposesrequires the embodiment of the inventive-concept constituting thepresent invention. The production ofA such a burner hasV long beensought but to my knowledge has not been accomplished. -Theaccomplishment necessitates the solution of Vdifficult problems as willbe understood by those skilled in the art and as will be hereinafterpointed out. Theyburner must operate with completeness of is necessaryto have large port area to consume the maximum amount of gas to obtainmaximum heating. As mentioned, ports which are spaced too far apartcause a failure of ignition between adjacent ports. Thegreatestflexibility through a wide range of thesmallest to the largest fuelinputs is obtained, in a circular or ring gas burner, where the physicaldimension, that is the diameter, is reduced to the greatest possibledegree. In small diameter burners however it has been difficult toobtain the port area required to consume the maximum amount of gasbecause of the closeness of the ports which leaves insufficient spacebetween the ports to properly aerate the flame to obtain completecombuscombustion tobe acceptable. Theburner must be operable with manydifferent kinds of gases which are used in different sections of thecountry. A

y definite gas input to a-burner requires a denite amount of air forgood combustion. The port area of a burner is amajor determining factorin the amount of primary air which is delivered to the burner head alongwith thevfuel but as the present type of-domestic burners do not ln-vject suiiicient primary Vair for complete combustion provision for asupply of suiiicient secondary air is necessary.' The secondary airsupply re' quirement has called for a spacing of thel burner ports sothat fresh secondary-air can mix withl orbe delivered to the flamesissuing from or burning'at the burner ports. If the port spacing'placesthe portstoo yclose together there is insufficient supply of secondaryair and incom- However, if the ports '4 tion.

To accomplish the enumerated results and at the same time solve theproblems incident to the production of an emcient and properly operatingburner I have provided a burner having a burner ring providedv with aplurality of main burner ports of comparatively large size which portsare in spaced relationship around the burner and are subdivided so thatthey are not subject to the flashback of flame as is commonly the casewith ports of large area. Intermediate the main large subdivided ports Ihave positioned intermediate ports of a size sufiiciently large tooperate satisfactorily in carrying the flame from one large subdividedport to an adjacent like port yet small enough to permit a sufcient flowof fresh secondary air to the burner ring between the llame stools ofthe main large subdivided ports to result in complete combustion.

v Ports in a burner which are large enough to add up to the desired portarea are too great in size to burn fast burning gas without the nameflashing back but this flashback is prevented at the large main ports ofmy burner because the subdivision of these ports create of each largeport a group of small ports each of which is sumciently small in size asto prevent flashback. The subdivision of these large ports is made in amanner Vso that the group of ports created by the subdivision burns as asingle llame stool. The large ports are subdivided into a multiple ofsubstanhaving a total port area suicient to burn the f maximum amount ofgas such a burner would have too large a burner head diameter.

This

would be because sufficient wall thickness must be allowed betweenindividual portsto prevent 'A the drilled holes from running into eachother. The same situation exists in respect to -a cast burner ring orcap. Here again, manufacture requires that sufficient thickness of metalbe allowed between ports as to result in a burner ring or cap having toolarge a diameter. With my sub-l divided large ports a large amount ofport area can be obtained in a burnerhaving a ring, cap, or head ofsmall diameter.

In the accompanying drawings a burner construction embodying theinventive concept is illustrated but the invention is not to be limitedto these specific arrangements as departures therefrom can be madewithout departing from the inventive concept.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspective View of a modified form of burner, the partsthereof being in unassembled relationship.

Fig. 2 is a View inside elevation of the burner of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical sectional View of the burner of Fig.2.

In its broadest aspects the burner appearing in the accompanying drawingis of the type disclosed in United States Letters Patent 1,714,409,dated May 21, 1929, and issued'to A. Stockstrom et al. This similarityresides in the fact that the burner has a bowl or chamber to which amixture of air and gas isinjeoted and from which it flows to the burnerring or head which closes the open upper end of the bowl and is providedwith ports through which this gas escapes and burns in a plurality ofburner stools exteriorly of and about the head. Specifically the burnerdiffers however rom the patent `as will be clear from the followingdetailed description.

The burner bowl or chamber Gfl has an upper inturned edge or end 2B theupper face of which is bevelled as at 2|. There is a mixing tube ormanifold R. with an inlet passageway 2 provided with an air controlshutter 3. The bottom 5 of the bowl is provided with a threaded opening6.

The burner head, designated as an entirety by I-I, comprises a cap Jwhich is made of sheet metal. This cap in plan view is circular inconfiguration and is provided centrally with an opening the wall 22 ofwhich is bent downwardly and outwardly to provide a curved surface. Atits lower end the wall 22 is formed into a circular collar 23 having alower open end. A hollow open-ended tube K has its upper endtelescopically received by the 'collar and suitably secured therein, asby welding, and has its lower end provided externally with threads sothat the tube has threaded engagement with the opening E of the burnerbowl as yat 24.

ference is depressed as at 25 to form a plurality of longitudinallyextending passageways 26 between itself and the collar 23. The lowerends of these passageways communicate with the burner bowl while theopen upper ends 2'1 constitute inner burner ports for the burner head.

A burner ring L is secured to the underside of the burner cap in anysuitable manner, such as by welding, and has an outer verticallydisposed wall 28 and an inclined or tapered bottom wall 29. The top ofthe ring at spaced points completely about its circumference is cut outto pro- Y vide-a plurality 'of large area main burner ports 30. Each ofthe main large burner ports is subdivided Vinto -multiple ports by aport divider D.

This divider is'preferably made of stainless steel and mader'from -amaterial which is extremely thin. Each divider is of a length similar tothe length of a main port and of a height similar to the height of amain port. Specifically each divider is substantially U-shaped andcomprises substantially parallel side walls I3 and I4 with the sidewalls terminating in rearwardly or return bend ends I5. The ends I5 ofthe dividers are 'in slight compression when inserted into a burner portand by reference to the drawings it will be seen that a dividersubdivides each main burner port into three passageways or ports whichhereinafter are on occasion referred to as a group of ports.

The secondary or intermediate burner ports, one of which is disposedbetween each of the subdivided main burner ports, is in the form of achannelway 3l formed in the tapered bottom 29 of the ring. The innerends of these ports are in communication vwith the burner bowl while theouter ends of the ports communicate with the atmosphere exterior of theAburner head. When the burner head is in place and the tapered bottom ofthe ring is in engagement with the Ytapered top 2I of the bowl it willbe seen that the bottoms of the intermediate ports are on a lower levelthan the bottoms of the main large yarea subdivided 'burner ports. It isto be noted however that no advantage has been found in having theintermediate ports Yon a diierent level rather than on the same levelwith the main burner ports.

'When a lighter system is to be used in conjunction with the burner theburner bowl is provided in its side Wall with a lighter port F which iscomposed of a plurality of grouped burner ports which receive vfuel fromthe bowl. The lighter ports are disposed in ignition relationship withone or more of the burner ports of the burner head to cause ignitionthereof when the lighter port is ignited by the lighter system. Uponlone ormore of the burner head ports being ignited the flame will travelfrom port to port around the head to cause complete ignition of theburner.

The use of a lighter port consisting of a plurality of small closelygrouped ports has been found to be advantageous'and to constitute animprovement. Where, as in the past. a lighter port consisting of asingle orice is utilized orices of different sizes are required for thevarious gases used throughout the country, as for instance, a large portfor natural gases; an intermediate sized port for mixed gases; and asmall sized port for manufactured gases. The group type of lighter portof the present burner supplies sufficient fuel for slow burning gasessuch as natural gases, yet are individually small enough to preventashback of fast burning gases or secondary burner ports large enough yetsmall enough to function properly, These`ports are large enough if theysupply suflicient gas to burn a flame which will ignite the fuel issuingfrom the adjacent main burner ports and to remain burning at a very Wturn-down of gas supply by the burner gas ow lcontrol valve. These portsare small enough when they are of such a size as not to interfere withadequate and complete secondary aeration of the adjacent'main burnerports and to not flashback when, the burner is operating on fast burninggases.

The assembly of the burner is extremely simple and is accomplishedmerely by bringing about threaded engagement between the lower end ofthe tube K and the threaded opening 5 inthe bottom of the burner fuelbowl. The burner head is rotated until the bottom wall 29 of the burnerring L thereof is brought into engagement with the inturned upper edgeof the bowl.

The burner described accomplishes the enumerated advantages. The burnerhead is cornparatvely small as to diameter and yet there is sufcientport area to consume the maximum amount of gas to obtain excellent andeicient heating. There is complete secondary aeration of the flamestools at all of the burner ports with a consequent completeness ofcombustion. The novel arrangement of'subdividing a too `large mainburner port into a plurality of proper size burner ports provides alarge amount of port area with a burner head or ring of comparativelysmall diameter. The ignition of one burner port will carry around theburner ring from port to port and thus assure easy and proper ignition.The burner is comparatively simple of Aconstruction and therefore can bemanufactured at a most reasonable cost. The burner head can be quicklyremoved from and replaced on a burner which facilitates cleaning the`burners and also makes it possible to quickly substitute a burner headif for any reason the onerin use requires replacement.`

What I claim is:

1. An improved circular gas burnerof small diameter but having a largeaggregate burner port area, said burner comprising a circular fuelmixture receiving chamber having an open upper end, a circular burnerhead, said head comprising a metallic cap carrying on its bottom a castring having a plurality of radially extending spaced apart channelways,the inner ends of said channelways communicating with the fuel mixturechamber and the outer ends of the channelways communicating with theatmosphere exterior of the chamber, alternate of said channelways beingof large area and having open tops closed by the burner cap, theintermediate channelways being in the bottom of the ring and having openbottoms closedby the upper end of the side Wall of the fuel mixturechamber, and means in the large area channelways subdividing each ofthem into a plurality of side by side small channelways, and all of theaforementioned channelways constituting the burner ports of the burner.

2. A construction as dened in claim 1 wherein, the means for subdividingthe large area channelWays comprises an element formed from lanextremely thin' piece of material, whereby the group of channelwaysformed in each large channelway are in close proximity to one another.

3. A construction as dened in claim 1 wherein, the means yforsubdividing the large area channelways comprises a U-shaped metallicelement formed from an extremely thin piece of metal, and said elementextending substantially throughout the height and depth of thechannelways and dividing each of them into a group of channelways.

4. A construction as defined in claim 1 Where- Kin, the bottoms of thelarge area channelways and the bottoms of the intermediate and smallarea channelways are on a dilerentplane.

5. A construction as dened in claim l wherein, the intermediate andsmall area channelways are inclined upwardly and outwardly in respect tothe fuel mixture chamber.

ALMER I-I. BRODBECK.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS NumberName Date 698,519 Kent Apr. 29, 1902 791,923 -Machlet June 6, 19051,388,604 Richter Aug. 23, 1921 1,486,668 Kielberg Mar. 11, 19241,964,575 Hones June 26, 1934 2,107,575 Matthews et al Feb. 8, 19382,372,573 Harper Mar. 27, 1945 2,385,413 Harper Sept. 25, 1945 2,386,113II-Iarper et al. Oct. 2, 1945 2,428,274 Flynn et al Sept. 30, 1947FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 664,022 France Apr. 16, 1929 368,501Great Britain Mar. 19, 1932 766,815 France Apr. 23, 1934

